Antiskidding device for automobiles



June 23, 1936., 1.. o. E. ROE SS EL I ANTISKIDDING' DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES Filed June 8, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 \ilimij 1| Emmi-u INVENTOR 91m 1/?- map ATTORNEY June 2 3, 1936. o. E. RoEssEL ;2,044,812

ANTI SKIDDING DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES Filed June 8, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 g 2e lows Orro Ei-Bossssz.

- INVENTOR 2 4 BY 0 M ATTORNEY PatentedJune 23, 1936 v 7 2,044,812

, I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I ANT ISKIDDING DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES Louis Otto E. Roessel, Chappaqua, N. Y. Application June 8, 1935, Serial No. 25,598 9 Claims. (Cl. 301-47) My invention relates .to antiskidding devices accompanying specification and drawings in for automobiles and has particular reference to which:--- j devices forming supplementary resilient antiskid- Fig. 1 is a partial elevation of my device partly ding wheels. in section, Fig. 2 is a view of the same in an in- -5 It is well known that a large percentage of operative position, Fig. 3 is a transverse section 5 automobile accidents are caused by skidding on of a wheel with my device, Fig. 4 is a bottom view wet or icy road surface. Tire chains, while affordof an antiskidding shoe, Fig. 5 is a sectional view ing a certain degree of protection against skidof a modified device, Fig. 6 is an elevation of the ding n moderately slippery surfaces, are not modified device, Fig. 7 is a sectional view of an- 10 absolutely effective when the roads are covered other modification, Fig. 8 is a detail view of the 10 ,....-..With ice or sleet, and such chains may even dammodification shown in Figs. and 6, Fig. 9 is 9. age the tires. partial elevation of the modification shown in I have found, however, that amuch better pro- Fig- 10 is a partial elevation of another tection against skidding can be obtained by the mod ficatio F 11 is a t V W of links euse of special antiskidding shoes supported at the tween the shoes of the last named modification, 15 sides of each driving wheel and pressed against Fig. 12 is a sectional view of another modificathe roadway by springs, the shoes rotating with t n, 3 is a Partial detail View Of a modified the wheel andsuccessively rolling over the ground. s oe w t adj s e cross-pieces, 14 is a p O e type of such device has already been distial bottom view of the modified shoe shown in closed in my application Serial No, 16,135, filed Fi 1 3.F s. 5 a d 16 a detail views of a 0d 20 Apr. 13, 1935, in which a plurality of radially slidfled construction of a supp y s ing plungers with antiskidding shoes is described. Y ing device consists of a disc l I discovered'that it is possible to still further stamped Of a Piece Of Sheet metal and formed improve upon this construction by providing antiso s to b clamped between a brake drum 2 skidding shoes in the shape of rocking segments (Fig. 3) and a hub4 of a wheel 5 of an automo- 25 resiliently supported on a special disc attached bile. Holes 6 are provided in the disc fitting on to the side of a wheel and forming a supplemenstuds 1 Which so engage Corresponding holes in tary antiskidding resilient wheel. The ends of the hub 4 which s clamped in its placeby a nut the segments can be hingedly connected t 8 on a shaft 9. A recess I0 is formed on the disc,

gether by telescopic links so as to form a resilient the inner ul f s e ss fit n Ove an 30 antiskidding chain. anchor plate II, and the outer. shoulder fitting Points on thesegmentg which come first, n under the rim 0f the hub 4. The outer portion contact with the road are pro ided with rubber 0f the disc is curved as Shown, conforming to the plugs screwed into special sockets and which can general curvature of the side of a rubber tire l2.

35. be screwed further in from time to time as their A flange is formed the'peliphely 0f the tips extending through the segments begin t disc. The diameter of this flange is smaller than wear out from rubbing against the surface of the the er of the tire but larger t the road. ameter of the tire rim I4. The rim or flange I3 I I also provide means for raising the segments is provided with slots for lugs l5 e e d n 40 and locking t in raised position y from from antiskidding shoes it. The lugs of one shoe 40 th surface of h road, when the antiskidding are substantially parallel to each other so that feature is not required. In such position 'the they can slide with their Slots on guiding l Segments fo m complete wheel which can l8 provided with large retaining washers [9. The place the tire if the latter becomes deflated. shoes are curved in an arcua'te shape conform Su ortin disc fastened bet are provided with transverse side lugs 20 and z shed and gg g g s i gg have grooves 21 and 2? forming sharp antiskid skidding segments. The rmg with the segments ding ridges, extending 1n longitudinal and transverse directions. The oncoming or rear end of can be removed, leaving the disc alone, which can each sh e k 2 a serve as a spare wheel in case the tire blows out. 0 has a at 3 threaded Inside for a 50 thre ded b l 4. ThlS (1180 is provided with vanes or paddles in a rub er p ug 2 The latter 1S screwed in so that its lower (outer) end extends beyond order to obtain increased traction in snow or t outer surface of the shoe and forms a 11- mud.

lent shock absorbing pad, which first meets the In a modified construction I provide a separate mg to the curvature of the flange The Shoes My invention is more fully described in the surface of the road, before the rest of the shoe 55- comes in contact with it. The ends of the lugs or plungers l5 have rollers 25 engaged by cams 25 of a ring 21.

Cotter pins 28 retain the plugs 24 in their positions. The cam ring 21 has gear teeth 29 at one portion of its periphery in mesh with a pinion 30. The shaft' of the pinion is journaled in the disc I. Its other end 3I is made square and can be turned by a wrench. The lugs I5 are curved conforming to the curvature of the bellshaped outerlportion of the disc I. A certain amount of play is allowed in the slots for the lugs and under the washers I'9 inorder to permit one end of the shoe to be depressed ahead of the other when the wheel rolls on the ground, as is shown in Fig. 1. Such rocking action is necessary with long curved shoes (the shoes, however, may be given any desired curvature and may be even made flat). The shoe is preferably given a channel shape, and the bottom plate may be made separately and-welded or riveted to the channel, as shown in Fig. 3. A flat spring 32 is placed between the shoe and the flange I3, being retained in its middle portion by a lug 33 on the flange, the ends sliding freely on the bottom of the channel of the shoe and being retained at one end by the socket 23 and by a curved lip 34 on the other. The spring also rocks by its middle portion when the shoe rocks from one side to the other when the wheel is rolling.

By turning the pinion 30 the cam ring 21 can be turned to the left, forcing the cams 26 under the rollers 25 and thereby retracting the shoes inwardly until they rest against the flange I3. The shoes are locked in this position, lugs 35 on the cams resting against the rollers 25. The plugs 24 are parallel to the lugs I5 in order to facilitate the movement of the shoes, and holes 36 are provided in the flange I3 for the plug 24. The slots I! are made suiliciently wide to permit the rocking action of the shoes.

A modified construction is shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 8. Here the disc I is provided with a stiffening rib 31 and vanes 38 stamped out of its sides. The outer portion of the disc is also bellshaped conforming to the curvature of the tire. A flat ring 39 is attached to the disc I by bolts 40. This ring may be split into two or more sections to facilitate its attachment and removal. The line of joint of such segments is indicated at 39 in Fig. 6. It has slots for the vanes 38, a flange I3, and pockets 4| for plungers 42. The plungers have rods 43 passing through holes 44 in the closed ends of the pockets. The ends of the rods are threaded for nuts 45. Springs 46 are placed on the rods inside of the pockets. The ends of the plungers are rounded and provided with holes for pins 41 passing through the sides of channel-shaped shoes 48. The hinged connection between the plungers and the shoes permits the rocking action of the shoes when the automobile is moving. The plate or ring 39 can be removed, leaving the disc I' with its vanes. This disc serves as an emergency wheel in case of a tire blow-out, the vanes assisting the traction of the Wheel in snow, sand or mud. The shoes can be drawn against the rib 37 by tightening the nuts 45.

Another modification is shown in Figs. '7 and 9. Here shoes 49 have lugs 50 passing through corresponding slots in the flange I3 of a disc I. The ends of the lugs have rollers 5| engaged by the curved ends of a spring 52 supported at the middle by a stud 53 fastened in the side of the disc I. These rollers are also used for retracting the lugs and the shoes by the cams 25. The ends of the shoes are flexibly connected by flat, preferably resilient, links 54. One end of each link is curved into a tubular shape and is held by a pin 55 passing through the walls of the shoe, and the other end is flat, sliding under a similar pin 56.

Another modification is shown in Fig. 10. Here shoes 49 are also connected'by flat telescopic links. These links 51 are made longer, the shoes being shorter, and are provided with supplementary shoes 58 in the middle.

Side lugs on the shoes can be made removable as is shown in Figs. 13 and 14. A shoe 59 has transverse slots 50 at the lower side for blocks 6i. The latter have slots 62 for screws 83. Notches 54 are provided at the sides of the slots in order to more firmly retain the blocks in their position by screws 65. With this arrangement it is possible to adjust the transverse position of the blocks so as to place them either centrally, as shown at the left in Fig. 14, or moreto one side as shown with dotted lines in the same figure.

Such blocks can be also provided for supplementary shoes on the connecting links as shown in Figs. 15 and 16. Here a block BI is fastened to a shoe 66 by a screw 63. The shoe, which is shown integral with a link 61, has also a hole 68 in which freely slides a sleeve 69 threadedinside for the rubber plug 24. The sleeve 69 has a slot at one side for the end of a steel spring plate I0, this end being provided with a few 3 sharp teeth biting into the rubber so as to prevent its simultaneous turning. The spring I0 is fastened to the link 61 by a screw II fitting into the extension of the hole for the screw 63. The tension of the spring-I0 is made such that the sleeve 69 with the plug 24 becomes deflected upward when the shoe rests squarely on the ground, but the plug is pushed down again by the spring when the shoe leaves the ground, and the end of the plug first meets the ground or the surface of the road when the shoe first touches it, thereby dampening the force of the blow and the noise.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an antiskidding device for an automobile, the combination of a disc attached to the wheel of an automobile, a plurality of antiskidding shoes of an arcuate shape and concentric with said disc, lugs near the end of each shoe slidably supported on said disc, springs adapted to press ber plug adjustably fitted in the oncoming end I of each shoe, the outer end of said plug being adapted to touch the ground ahead of the other parts of said shoe.

2. In an antiskidding device for an automobile, the combination of a disc attached to the wheel of said automobile, a plurality of antiskidding shoes slidably supported on said disc, the outer portions of said shoes being curved, springs pressing said shoes outwardly, means to limit the outward movement of said shoes, the oncoming ends of said shoes being provided with threaded sockets, and rubber plugs screwed into said sockets and extending beyond the outer surface of said shoes.

rolls on the ground, and links flexibly connecting the ends 01 adjacent shoes.

4. In an antiskidding device for an automobile,

, the combination of a disc attached to'thewheel of an automobile, a'plurality of shoes curved concentrically with said disc and slidably supported thereon, springs pressing said shoes-outwardly. means to limit the outward movement oi! said shoes, said shoes being adapted to touch the ground when said wheel rolls on the ground, and links telescopically connecting the adjacent ends of said shoes.

5. In an antiskidding device for an automobile, the combination of a disc attached to the wheel of said automobile, a plurality of shoes curved concentrically with said disc and slidably supported thereon, springs pressing said shoes outwardly, means to-limit the outward movement or said shoes, said shoes being adapted to touch the ground when said automobile is moving, links flexibly and telescopically connecting the adjacent ends of said shoes, and supplementa'ryshoes on said links.

6. In an antiskidding device for an automobile, the combination of a disc concentrically attached to the wheel of said automobile, a plurality of shoes, lugs on said shoes slidably supported on said disc, springs adapted to press said shoes with said lugs outwardly, means to limit the outward movement of saidshoes, said shoes being adapted to roll on the" ground at the side of said wheel when said automobile is moving, a cam ring adapted to raise said shoes into inoperative position away from the ground, and means to manually operate said cam ring.

7. In an antiskidding device for an automobile, the combination of a disc concentrically attached to the wheel of an automobile, the outer portion of said disc being curved so as to form a curved clearance with a side or the tire on said wheel,

a plurality of shoes curved concentrically with said disc, plungers. extending from end portions 1 of said shoes, plungers of one shoe being in a substantially parallel alignment, means to slidably support said plungers on said disc, ,said

plungers being curved sidewise in accordance with the curvature of said disc, springs adapted to move outwardly said shoes with said plungers,

means to limit the outward movement of said shoes, said shoes being adapted to successively touch the ground when said automobile is moving, and means to lock said shoes in their extreme inward position.

8. In an antiskidding device for an automobile, the combination of a disc concentrically attached to the wheel of an automobile, said disc being of a smaller diameter than the tire of said wheel and at a distance therefrom, a plurality of segments removably attached to said disc, a

plurality of shoes, lugs on said shoes slidably supported on saidsegments, springs pressing said shoes with said lugs outwardly, and means to limit the outward movement of said shoes, said shoes being adapted to successively touch the ground when said automobile is moving, portions of one shoe being adapted to be successively moved inwardly compressing said, springs.

9. A, shoe for an antiskidding device of the class described, said shoe being provided with a hole at one end, a sleeve slidably fitted in'said hole and provided with a slot at one side, a

rubber block fitted in said sleeve and projecting beyond said sleeve and said shoe, and a spring fastenedto the upper side of said shoe and thereby also engaging said rubber block.

n o'rro n. nolnssnn adapted to support said sleeve through said slot so 

